obra:ga26:conhecimento-adequado-83a84
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| + | ===== CONHECIMENTO ADEQUADO (83-84) ===== | ||
| + | <tabbox Norro> | ||
| + | ¿Qué sacamos de toda esta discusión para nuestro problema principal? Hemos oído que veritas equivale a identitas, verum esse es igual a idem esse; ahora Leibniz dice contra Descartes —según el asunto, aunque no en esta formulación expresa-: verum esse no es igual que clare et distincte perceptum esse, sino que verum esse es igual a adaequate intutive perceptum esse. Al principio, la verdad fue determinada por referencia al enunciado (enuntiatio), | ||
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| + | Pero si tratamos de ver más agudamente cuanto hasta ahora se ha dicho, se pone de relieve que esta dificultad no sólo es soluble, sino que precisamente ahora estamos en disposición de comprender más claramente lo que Leibniz quiere significar con identidad, sin que él mismo lo haya explicado. | ||
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| + | En el conocimiento adecuado, lo conocido es el totum de los requisita, es decir, aquello que, como todo, constituye la realidad de una cosa; lo que se conoce es lo verdadero, lo verum; este todo de los requisita es la possibilitas, | ||
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| + | Pero anteriormente hemos llegado a que el juicio es una connexio, y naturalmente, | ||
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| + | Por esta razón, la identidad no significa, en el fondo, uniformidad vacía, privada de toda distinción, | ||
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| + | <tabbox Heim> | ||
| + | What can we extract from this whole discussion for our main Problem? We learned that truth is equivalent to identity and that to be true is to be identical. Now Leibniz says against Descartes, in effect, if Not in so many words, that to be true is not the same as to be perceived clearly and distinctly. Instead he says that to be (68) true is equivalent to being adequately perceived by intuition. At first truth Was defined in relation to the statement (enuntiatio), | ||
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| + | If we try to see more sharply what we have already said, then we find that not only is this difficulty soluble but we find ourselves now in a position to grasp more clearly what Leibniz means by “identity, | ||
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| + | In adequate knowledge that which is known is the totum of the requisita, i.e., that which, as a whole, constitutes the reality of a thing. This thing known is the true, the verum; the totality of the requisita is the possibilitas, | ||
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| + | But we previously came to the conclusion that judgment is a connectio, and specifically a connectio realis. This connection is grasped as identitas. And this implies that what is in the nexus, what is grasped in the connectio does not fall apart, does not clash with itself, but all is in itself unified and, as determination, | ||
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| + | Identity does not then basically refer to an empty uniformity stripped of difference. On the contrary, it means the entire richness of real determinations in their compatibility without conflict Identity is not the negative concept of the absence of all differentiation. It is, conversely, the idea of the uni-sonous unity of what is different. | ||
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| + | <tabbox Original> | ||
| + | Was entnehmen Wir aus dieser ganzen Erörterung für unser leitendes Problem? Wir hörten: veritas gleich identitas, verum esse gleich idem esse; Jetzt sagt Leibniz gegen Descartes – (/ | ||
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| + | Wenn wir aber versuchen, bereits Gesagtes schärfer zu sehen, dann zeigt sich, daß diese Schwierigkeit nicht nur auflösbar ist, sondern daß wir jetzt gerade instand gesetzt sind, das deutlicher zu fassen, was Leibniz mit »ldentität« meint – ohne es Selbst ausdrücklich zu erörtern. | ||
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| + | In der adäquaten Erkenntnis ist das Erkannte das totum der requisita, d. h. das, was als Ganzes die Realität einer res. ausmacht; dieses Erkannte ist das Wahre, das verum; dieses Ganze der requisita ist die possibilitas, | ||
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| + | Nun ergab sich aber früher: Das Urteil ist eine connexio, und zwar eine connexio realis; diese connexio aber ist gefaßt als identitas, das will sagen: Was in dem nexus steht und in der connexio erfaßt wird, fällt nicht auseinander, | ||
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| + | Identität besagt daher im Grunde nicht Leere Einerleiheit, | ||
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| + | </ | ||
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| + | {{tag> | ||
